exe. Download the latest version of win-acme on github download win-acme [My version win-acme. Certbot dramatically reduces the effort (and cost) of securing your websites with HTTPS. That's for: Specifies a file with trusted CA certificates in the PEM format used to verify client certificates and OCSP responses if ssl_stapling is enabled. Apr 29, 2018 · Let’s Encrypt is a free and open certificate authority developed by the Internet Security Research Group (ISRG). May 29, 2022 · この記事について. What I've tried: I tried to get certificates from letsencrypt and got them ready for my frontend like it was described here digitalocean: Nov 13, 2019 · Step 1 – Getting Server ready. com ,I delete from my site-enabled/default the path to the certificate and ran nginx -t. Change line listen *:443 ssl; to listen *:80; Restart nginx. Until now I'm turning off SSL on npm for the mailcow domains when the SSL certs run out. sh. Sep 22, 2020 · LetsEncrypt is a certificate authority that makes free ssl certificates available to everyone. Installieren Sie Certbot und das Nginx Plugin mit apt: sudo apt install certbot python3-certbot-nginx. May 18, 2019 · --webrootで証明書を取得するには、Nginxを起動する必要があるが、ssl_certificateやssl_certificate_keyで指定したファイルが存在しないとエラーで起動しない。でもまだ証明書はない。このジレンマ。 Nov 11, 2021 · Next, you’ll run Certbot and fetch your certificates. Test the configuration. pem To configure an HTTPS server, the ssl parameter must be enabled on listening sockets in the server block, and the locations of the server certificate and private key files should be specified: server {. On completion, nginx should already be running as it’s on Ubuntu and no other app is using port 80. In this tutorial, I will show you step-by-step how to install and configure the Nginx web server with Letsencrypt certificate. sudo apt update && sudo apt install nginx. Jul 20, 2020 · Restart the Nginx service for the changes to take effect: sudo systemctl restart nginx. Nov 2, 2022 · # systemctl restart nginx # service nginx restart Verify Letsencrypt SSL Certificate on Website Step 5: Auto Renew Nginx Free Lets Encrypt SSL Certificates. Jul 6, 2021 · I have generated fullchain. Create a file 'Service_ingress-nginx. eff. sudo apt-get install nginx. Certbot is in very active development, so the Certbot packages provided by Ubuntu tend to be outdated. . First, update the server. Certificates issued by Let’s Encrypt are trusted by almost all browsers today. sh Let’s Encrypt client. Use the certbotcommand to create a Let’s Encrypt certificate. The Certificate Authority reported these problems: Domain: jaspberrypi. Nov 10, 2015 · Prerequisites : the letsencrypt CLI tool. In this guide, we are going to look at how to use Let’s Encrypt Wildcard SSL Certificate with Nginx and Apache on Ubuntu / CentOS. 9 Test it. pem ssl_certificate_key should point to privkey. How to install Let’s Encrypt SSL with Certbot on Nginx. Detail: no valid A records found for jaspberrypi. 独自ドメインに対してSSL通信を可能としたい Mar 16, 2024 · Nginx SSL via Let's Encrypt and acme. apt を使用してCertbotとNginxプラグインをインストールします。. I've been using it for years, however initially I was not happy with their tooling, so all this time I've been using a client that I wrote (modeled after another home-rolled client from python). secrets && touch ~/. Install Certbot and its Nginx plugin with apt: sudo apt install certbot python3-certbot-nginx. SSL Cert are made 3 files. Validate your HTTP web site by using the web browser. Jun 11, 2020 · Paso 1: Instalar Certbot. acme. Apr 17, 2018 · Remove you letsencrypt folder and try to reinstall certificates like a first time. g. 1. 3 Create acme-challenge directory. El primer paso para utilizar Let’s Encrypt para obtener un certificado SSL es instalar el software Certbot en su servidor. Mar 31, 2016 · Step 1 — Installing Certbot. well May 25, 2016 · Since SSL Labs doesn’t currently show multiple certificates, it will (depending on server cipher order) most likely show the chain for the ECDSA certificate. js backend is running with pm2 on the IP address of the server on port 60702. yoursite. Enabling SSL in your Nginx configuration will involve adding an HTTP redirect to HTTPS and specifying your SSL certificate and key locations. d/app. First, download the Let’s Encrypt client, certbot. To check OCSP stapling and certificate chains, I used the following commands (Ubuntu 16. For example, on Debian or Ubuntu servers run. Introduction. Connect another container to the same Docker network. The latest version of Certbot can be installed from source using FreeBSD’s ports system . Before applying the Docker Compose file, configure the Nginx server to allow Certbot to access the files it needs. You’re now ready to obtain the SSL certificate files by running the following command: sudo certbot certonly --agree-tos --email admin@example. To do this, run the following command: sudo ufw allow 'Nginx HTTPS'. conf to create the container. Use the Quick or Full Docker Compose file. If you received an output of Rule added, then you successfully added this profile to your list. This guide will tell you about installing Nginx web server, installing the let's encrypt tool, generating SSL certificate lets encrypt, configuring the nginx virtual host with SSL, and creating additional SSL configuration to get the A+ from the SSL test SSL Labs. How To Secure Nginx with Let's Encrypt. biz "4096" no Mon Dec 30 16:57:10 UTC 2019 Fri Feb 28 16:57:10 UTC 2020 Feb 18, 2021 · I'm using Nginx for providing my frontend on port 80 listening to my specified server_name (domain name of the server). 1. Once the certificate has been issued, cert-manager will create a certificate resource on the cluster and the cafe-secret Secret containing the signed keypair in the same Namespace as the Oct 3, 2021 · The ssl_trusted_certificate directive doesn't belong there. My web server is (include version): Apr 12, 2024 · Please fill out the fields below so we can help you better. Get an SSL certificate with Let’s Encrypt on AlmaLinux 8. Step 3: Check the certificate after installation. 4 Create dhparams. It works if I add default_server for my www. The Nginx files are located at /etc/nginx directory. Method 1: Check from the browser. A certificate can be referenced by name or by path, with the --cert-name and --cert-path options, respectively. It is very easy to use and works great with both Apache and Nginx. Try to renew certificates. 12. III. conf. Sep 27, 2020 · This blog post explains how to setup and configure SSL for a domain name with Let’sEncrypt and Nginx. For this tutorial, I will be using a Debian 10 server. Jul 18, 2023 · To do so, you will need to start by creating a file to store your API token in: mkdir ~/. Jun 19, 2019 · I am trying to configure nginx server for my website. I then tried to delete/revoke the certificate using the command certbot delete. 5 Obtain a certificate for domain. Jun 11, 2023 · Please fill out the fields below so we can help you better. The majority of Let’s Encrypt certificates are issued using HTTP validation, which allows for the easy installation of certificates on a single server. My domain is: I ran this command: [root@localhost Apr 3, 2022 · I generated an SSL certificate on one of my subdomains. I need to copy the SSL certificates over to mailcows SSL folder. Then you need to serve the challenge used by letsencrypt on /. Setting up Ingress and TLS termination ensures that traffic from the internet into your cluster is encrypted, an essential step for a Kubernetes clusters serving in production. 04 openssl): openssl s_client -connect web Nov 24, 2020 · Hi, i have https on my web, i put the ssl certificates for first time 3 months ago with certbot. If prev way is not for you: Comment out all strings that use certificates. 4、Use win-acme tool to generate Let's Encrypt certificate. sh commands. Jul 31, 2020 · For Apache and Nginx web servers, SSL installation is fully automated. Copy and paste the code below, replacing [domain-name] with your actual domain name: Jun 11, 2020 · Schritt 1 — Installieren von Certbot. From my understanding, the issue is related to the fact that the certificate files I mount into the container are actually symlinks and symlinks don't play nicely with Docker. Once the file is created, edit the file with a text editor of your choice. Mar 4, 2020 · Before running the Certbot command, spin up a Nginx container in Docker to ensure the temporary Nginx site is up and running. sudo rm -rf /etc/letsencrypt. x86. Nov 10, 2021 · I got SSL certificates with Let's encrypt and established HTTPS communication with docker-compose's nginx container. I am running newst stable versjon of Nginx Proxy Manager, in Docker on Ubuntu 20. Bu Sep 1, 2022 · Step 1 — Installing Certbot. That means, we need to renew them regularly. Now when it comes to adding SSL for each of the server sections there are a number of options you have: - either you generate a certificate for each of the subdomains - or you generate a wildcard certificate - eg. The Nginx plugin will take care of reconfiguring Nginx and reloading the configuration whenever necessary. 04 LTS. fastenglishacademy. Dec 9, 2015 · There are 2 ways depending on your infrastructure setup (Raspi, big Cloud server or something in between): If you have an externally accessible Server (means your Gitlab host is callable from the Let´s Encrypt servers, which is needed for Let´s Encrypt´s automatic mechanism of verifying that you "own" a certain domain like gitlab. Add the following line to run the renewal check daily: 0 0 * * * certbot renew --nginx --quiet. com. “cafe. Jan 15, 2021 · I test my SSL setup using the SSL Labs test which says that certificate chain is incomplete (no other problems otherwise). cyberciti. org. To achieve this, create a configuration file: sudo nano /etc/nginx/conf. Now, ensure that your permissions are correct by running the following command: Jul 31, 2020 · Let’s Encrypt is a Certificate Authority providing an easy way to acquire and install free SSL/ TLS certificates, enabling encrypted http traffic on web servers. When it's done, you'll want to run: sudo certbot --nginx. sudo docker-compose up -d. Install Let’s Encrypt SSL Certificate. com and the corresponding and DNS resolved server Oct 24, 2022 · Now you are ready to get your SSL certificate. Jul 24, 2019 · The SSL certificate is renewed but it's not picked up by Nginx. 04 LTS and 18. However, the Certbot developers maintain a Ubuntu software repository with up-to-date Apr 25, 2024 · Let's Encrypt is a free, automated, and open certificate authority brought to you by the nonprofit Internet Security Research Group (ISRG). O Certbot agora está pronto para ser usado. This is easily automatable to renew each 60 days, as advised. The easiest way to do this is to visit the website in Google Chrome or Microsoft Edge Jul 20, 2020 · This tutorial explains how to install a free Let’s Encrypt SSL certificate on Ubuntu 20. com ), so withholding your domain name here does not increase secrecy, but only makes it harder for us to provide help. Instale o Certbot e seu plug-in do Nginx com o apt: sudo apt install certbot python3-certbot-nginx. sudo apt install -y nginx. 943. 4 LTS (GNU/Linux 5. Due to this we have to change the 'externalTrafficPolicy' of the just created 'ingress-nginx' Service. Then, open up a browser and visit the Dec 2, 2020 · Step 3 — Obtaining a Certificate. Download the Let’s Encrypt Client. That will make it a bit harder to diagnose things. 4. This will take a few minutes. My domain is:Hey all, I’m having some issues starting up my nginx after I deleted one of my certificates . Dec 7, 2019 · There's an open issue regarding network routing causing problems later when a pod tries to request certificates and runs into timeout trying to self check the requested domain. This is not a very clear cut way as I'll have to stop the container and start the host nginx to renew the certificates at the end of 3 months. The Snap package is the easiest way for installing the certbot on the Ubuntu system. I have the certbot and nginx installed on host machine. Instalar Certbot y su complemento de Nginx con apt: sudo apt install certbot python3-certbot-nginx. Let’s install Nginx. pem ssl_trusted_certificate should point to chain. Unzip win-acme, open wacs. Jun 11, 2020 · A primeira etapa para usar o Let’s Encrypt para obter um certificado SSL, é instalar o software Certbot no seu servidor. Browse your ip and you should see the default Nginx webpage. Check the DNS propagation with Nslookup sudo apt install -y dnsutilsutility. Certbot provides a variety of ways to obtain SSL certificates through plugins. Step 1: Install Cerbot Let’s Encrypt Client. You need nginx to answer on port 80 on all the domains you want a certificate for. sudo apt update sudo apt upgrade. Read all about our nonprofit work this year in our 2023 Annual Report. This guide is intended to walk you through installation of a valid SSL on your server for your site at example. service nginx restart. Apr 19, 2024 · Say hello to acme. sudo apt-get upgrade. pem, privkey, ssl-dhparams locally and then saved to the nginx folder which I am copying from to docker nginx container. I run certbot on mailcows side and add ssl back to npm mailcow domains. https://crt… Jan 28, 2021 · $ apt-get update $ sudo apt-get install certbot $ apt-get install python3-certbot-nginx . In the example below we revoke the certificate named “mydomain. com -d www. HTTP Web Site. Configure SSL. 8 Firewall configuration. Step 5 — Modifying the Web Server Configuration and Service Definition. Note: If you want to install a single certificate that is valid for multiple domains or subdomains, you can pass them as additional parameters to the command. And, "Request Certificate" Some Seconds Later , you will get Let's Encrypt SSL. . We can do this by running the following two commands. The first step to using Let’s Encrypt to obtain an SSL certificate is to install the Certbot software on your server. 2 设置 NGINX. Login to Nginx Proxy Manager and change the default password. Name Resolution. 10 acme. To begin, fetch a compressed snapshot of the ports tree: sudo portsnap fetch. It provides a software client called certbot that make SSL installation easy by having most steps of installation automated. is a tool to obtain certificates from Let’s Encrypt and configure them on your web server. sh --list Sample outputs: Main_Domain KeyLength SAN_Domains Created Renew c8nginx. To use this plugin, run the following: Jul 9, 2020 · Secure your Nginx server using Let's Encrypt to obtain SSL/TLS certificates. Replacing the --nginx flag with whatever web server you're using. Let’s Encrypt is a Certificate Authority (CA) that provides a straightforward way to obtain and install free TLS/SSL certificates, enabling encrypted HTTPS on web servers. 2. pluggable] download nginx。. In this tutorial, we’ll provide a step by step instructions about how to secure your Nginx with Let’s Encrypt using the certbot tool on Ubuntu 18. this is the easiest way. With the below setup, I am getting issue of nginx: [ Aug 2, 2022 · Step 3 — Obtaining a Certificate. sh is a shell script client for LetsEncrypt free Certificate. Dec 9, 2022 · To adjust these settings, you want to add the Nginx HTTPS profile that allows for TLS/SSL encrypted traffic via port 443. Oct 22, 2016 · @adam-beck yes. Jul 11, 2023 · To add a renewal cron job, open the crontab editor: sudo crontab -e. This example is using root user, you may need to use sudo if you encounter problems such as write permissions. , www. It works directly with the free Let’s Encrypt certificate authority to request (or renew) a certificate, prove ownership Dec 21, 2020 · 3、The certificate is valid for three months, and the visa certificate needs to be renewed every three months. Before we setup LetsEncrypt on our Raspberry Pi we should first ensure everything is up to date. de. Domain names for issued certificates are all made public in Certificate Transparency logs (e. Jan 28, 2021 · 1. Feb 25, 2021 · This guide provides instructions on using the open source Certbot utility with the NGINX web server on Ubuntu 20. Certbot offers a variety of ways to validate your domain, fetch certificates, and automatically configure Apache and Nginx. Apr 25, 2022 · In this tutorial, you installed the Let’s Encrypt client certbot, downloaded SSL certificates for your domain, configured Nginx to use these certificates, and set up automatic certificate renewal. Apr 4, 2022 · Introduction. Let’s Encryptを使用してSSL証明書を取得する最初のステップは、サーバーにCertbotソフトウェアをインストールすることです。. My ssl certs was about to expire 3 of December 2020 so i did this to renew them: stopped nginx docker-compose stop nginx Dry run command: sudo certbot-auto renew --dry-run Renew A new certificate will be issued from the letsencrypt-prod ClusterIssuer for the domain, e. Oct 4, 2023 · Use the Quick or Full Docker Compose file. This method allows your to generate and renew your Lets Encrypt certificates with 1 command. crt. For Apache and Nginx web servers, SSL installation is Jan 28, 2021 · sivank January 28, 2021, 9:18am 1. If you want to install a single Jun 9, 2024 · if you need to support different subdomains (eg. Apr 19, 2024 · 2 Installing acme. secrets/cloudflare. example. Let’s Encrypt is a service offering free SSL certificates through an automated API. Aug 26, 2016 · Asking the obvious question - did you restart / reload nginx so that it re-reads the config and gets the new certificate ? if restarting nginx doesn’t work - what location is defined for the certs in the nginx config ? (typically in /etc/nginx… depending on your setup) May 18, 2022 · buksa May 18, 2022, 11:54am 1. pem file. May 28, 2020 · The author selected the COVID-19 Relief Fund to receive a donation as part of the Write for DOnations program. 04, and these are the appropriate commands on that platform: $ apt-get update $ sudo apt-get install certbot. Certbot will generate a new certificate and install it into your nginx config. That seems about right since I can't get Telegram webhooks to work (great explanation in the Telegram webhook guide ). Mar 30, 2024 · All the certificates we previously obtained with Certbot will be renewed: $ sudo certbot renew. Keep reading the rest of the series: Install Nginx On Alpine Linux; Install PHP7-fpm On Alpine Linux; How to install and configure logrotate; How to install Letsencrypt free SSL/TLS for Nginx certificate on Alpine Linux Jul 2, 2018 · Step 1 — Installing Certbot. Step 4 — Obtaining an SSL Certificate. com Oct 4, 2022 · To allow https traffic, run the following command: sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service = https. We’ll also show how to configure Nginx to use the SSL certificate and enable HTTP/2. The node. sh client to secure Nginx with Let’s Encrypt on Debian. If your upstream site (the site that nginx is in front of) uses a self-signed SSL certificate, download a copy of the certificate. com --webroot -w /var/lib/letsencrypt/ -d example. This tutorial will guide you through securing your Nginx web server using Let’s Encrypt and Certbot, the Let’s Encrypt client Jul 31, 2020 · For Apache and Nginx web servers, SSL installation is fully automated. Aug 31, 2023 · Please fill out the fields below so we can help you better. $ apt-get install python-certbot-nginx. Certbot is now ready to use, but in order for it to automatically configure SSL for Nginx, we need Jan 14, 2021 · Implementation guide. Para que ele configure automaticamente o SSL para o Nginx, porém, precisamos Apr 25, 2022 · In this tutorial, you installed the Let’s Encrypt client certbot, downloaded SSL certificates for your domain, configured Nginx to use these certificates, and set up automatic certificate renewal. ssl_certificate should point to fullchain. start. well-known folder, but I cannot find it anywhere (and lack knowledge on how to search for it) Any help Jul 29, 2017 · This entry is 4 of 4 in the Installing Linux, Nginx, MySQL/MariaDB, PHP (LEMP stack) in Alpine Linux series. certbot 可以自动完成 NGINX 的 SSL/TLS 配置。它会在您的 NGINX 配置中查找并修改包含 server_name 指令（含有您为其请求证书的域名）的 server 块。在我们的示例中，域名为 www. dns_cloudflare_api_token = yourapitoken. I am doing the exact same thing this fourth time, and I run into Sep 27, 2020 · This blog post explains how to setup and configure SSL for a domain name with Let’sEncrypt and Nginx. 0-110-generic x86_64). The strangest thing, is that I have successfully enabled SSL certificates on 3 proxy hosts without any concerns so far. Sep 27, 2020 · Step 3 - Create letsencrypt. Jul 20, 2020 · This tutorial explains how to install a free Let’s Encrypt SSL certificate on Ubuntu 20. de; no valid AAAA records found for jaspberrypi. Certificates can be manually renewed and applied before expiration using the webroot plugin, without stopping Jun 9, 2020 · Hi to all, this my first post here and my first attempt to renew a certificate after three months of usage Right now, Nginx is working as proxy, redirecting all traffic to https, and to port 8069 (it is the port that Odoo uses to load its ecommerce site) I understand certbot needs to find . 対象読者. Jul 9, 2020 · Secure your Nginx server using Let's Encrypt to obtain SSL/TLS certificates. Save and exit the crontab Learn how to install and configure the Kubernetes Ingress NGINX Controller and connect it with cert-manager to generate TLS certificates using Let’s Encrypt. , etc) you should duplicate the server section of your configuration and adapt accordingly. yaml' w/ the following content: Oct 7, 2022 · It produced this output: Certbot failed to authenticate some domains (authenticator: nginx). May 7, 2020 · Wait for some time to let the A record propagate. Ubuntu+Nginxの環境（サーバはさくらVPSを使用）でLet's Encryptを使用して、コストをかけずにSSL証明書を発行してhttps通信を行いましたので、設定手順を記録として残したいと思います。. As mentioned just above, we tested the instructions on Ubuntu 16. 04. Now you can request an SSL certificate for your domain. v2. First, connect to the MariaDB shell with the following command: mysql. Install Certbot and its Nginx plugin and secure your domain in a few steps. I was able to connect successfully, but I was worried about the access permissio Sep 27, 2020 · This blog post explains how to setup and configure SSL for a domain name with Let’sEncrypt and Nginx. Sep 3, 2022 · This tutorial on acquiring an SSL Certificate was last tested on Raspberry Pi OS Bullseye and the Raspberry Pi 3. To revoke a certificate, instead, we can use the revoke command. certbot. api. Once I generated the certificates, dhpharm group, I stopped the nginx on the host and mounted the folder on to the container. 16. listen 443 ssl ; server_name www. com), so withholding your domain name here does not increase secrecy, but only makes it harder for us to provide help. Create the Proxy host. Here you can request an SSL certificate for your domain. Dec 17, 2016 · In most case, I’m installing LetsEncrypt ssl with webmin menu. com; ssl_certificate www. Method 2: Check from the SSL Shopper page. Let’s Encrypt CA releases free SSL/TLS certificates valid for 90 days. Install nginx. List all certificates: # acme. conf Link to heading Remember, the LetsEncrypt certificates are valid only for 90 days. When generating the SSL Certificate for Nginx using the certbot Let’s Encrypt client, the client will automatically obtain and install a new SSL certificate that is valid for the domains provided as parameters. fr (443) server block. I am using docker containers and i put the path to the certificates in my nginx. Most Linux systems have the certbot package under default package repositories. Nov 6, 2023 · Certbot Instructions. Apr 19, 2024 · Step 9 – acme. Sep 10, 2017 · Hi @kanluo458,. duckdns. Open a terminal and execute the below command to install Aug 16, 2022 · With your certificates in place, you can move on to modifying your Nginx configuration to include SSL. Certbotを使用する準備ができました Jul 31, 2020 · For Apache and Nginx web servers, SSL installation is fully automated. 6 Configure Nginx. Once you are connected to the MariaDB, create a database and user with the following command: CREATE DATABASE nextcloud; CREATE USER 'nextcloud'@'localhost' identified by 'password'; Next, grant all the privileges to the Nextcloud database with the following command: Jul 9, 2020 · Secure your Nginx server using Let's Encrypt to obtain SSL/TLS certificates. Now that you’ve opened up your server to https traffic, you’re ready to run Certbot and fetch your certificates. A little terminal menu popped up asking me what certificate I Nov 3, 2022 · I'm not too experienced in this, so would greatly appreciate help! My domain is: jjnether. This conf is needed so that when letsencrypt tries to renew the certificate, it can access the domain over http without being redirected. com . To apply the changes, you’ll need to reload the firewall service: sudo firewall-cmd --reload. The most popular Let’s Encrypt client is EFF’s Certbot. 04, running Nginx as a web server. Installing and Running LetsEncrypt. com I'm using nginx proxy manager, and I'm trying to create a new proxy host. Der erste Schritt zur Nutzung von Let’s Encrypt, um ein SSL-Zertifikat zu erhalten, ist die Installation der Certbot-Software auf Ihrem Server. Type: dns. Nov 2, 2020 · I would also like to see this. crt ; See full list on linuxize. First update the package index and install Nginx with the below command. com”, once the ACME challenge is successful. Any ideas of how I can correctly reload the Letsencrypt SSL certificate every few hours? Update 08/08/19. Summary. Step 2: Install Let’s Encrypt SSL. We need to install the software called Certbot that will help us in the SSL setup. This should work for any debian based distro. sudo apt-get update. com”: Sep 21, 2023 · Step 3: Create Configuration File. Note: you must provide your domain name to get help. It’s included Webmin Configuration menu -> SSL-Encryption sub menu And , You can choose LetsEncrypt page. I am using the following code to configure my server. The first step to using Let’s Encrypt to obtain an SSL certificate is to install the certbot client software on your server. Oct 20, 2020 · ステップ1— Cerbotのインストール. I ran this command: to delete the certificate I ran certbot --nginx delete --cert-name my-domin. 7 Install certificate. sh | example. Certbot ist nun einsatzbereit, aber damit SSL für Nginx Feb 26, 2021 · Configure nginx to be a reverse proxy. Jul 9, 2024 · Step 1: Installing Certbot. Certbot estará listo para utilizarse, pero para que configure SSL automáticamente para Nginx May 11, 2020 · Certbot will give you a list of commands to install the necessary packages; run these, and wait for it to install. A better cert folder naming would be useful for building a script that does what I need. ini. nt or lk kh nu sx zm sg lr fo